Bio-degradability
Over 98% of biodiesel degrades biologically in three weeks whereas in the
same time only approximately 50% of fossil diesel degrades, after which
degradation is much slower. Large scale spillage of Biodiesel would cause temporary de-oxygenation of
water, but this is still significantly less damaging than an equivalent fossil
diesel spill.
Greenhouse Gases
The government have accepted an obligation to reduce CO2 emissions, of
which vehicles are a major source.
A recent study by Muschalek and Scharmer, converted all greenhouse
gas emissions from Biodiesel into CO2 equivalents. This is of major
importance in providing a clearer view of the overall benefits of Biodiesel
production in terms of benefit to the environment. The study involved not
only gaseous emissions from the combustion of Biodiesel. but took into account
CO2 and other gaseous emissions for each step of production, transformation
and final use.
The conclusion was that each Kg of Biodiesel produced avoids the emission
of greenhouse gases equivalent to 2.88 Kg C02.
Exhaust Emisions
The incidence of asthma, particularly in the young, has increased dramatically
in the last thirty years. While the link between original onset of the problem and vehicle exhaust
pollution has yet to be absolutely determined, there is no doubt that this pollution can exacerbate and
increase the frequency of attacks.
Diesel emission particulates are strongly linked to infant mortality in urban
areas, and are probable carcinogens.
Carbon monoxide reduces the absorption of oxygen, and is associated with
restricted foetal growth and tissue development in young children. lower worker productivity and has
a synergistic action with other pollutants to increase respiratory and circulatory problems.
Sulphur dioxide causes impaired lung function, and is the major contributor
to acid rain.
Hydrocarbons cause eye irritation. coughing and are linked to particulates
in causing lung disease and cancer.
Nitrogen oxides increase susceptibility to viral infections, increase sensitivity in
asthmatics, and have significantly greater effects in the presence of other pollutants.
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